TRIZ is is a problem-solving, analysis and forecasting tool  and started with Genrich Altshuller’s interest in invention and work in Soviet Navy patent office.
Let’s start with Gauss, What is the sum of consecutive numbers  from from 1 to 500?answer is 125125
1 2 3 4 5………………………..…………….501
500 499 498 497……………………………..1
501 501 501 501 501 501……………………501
How many 501 are there?501X500=250250
How many times the process is repeated?2 times so the answer is 250250/2=125125
“The inventor must find a new concept, and then the impossible becomes possible” Genrich Altshuller
Levels of Inventive solution.
Level 1: Standard  methods
Level 2: Small  Improvement
Level 3: Big  Improvement
Level 4: Invention outside paradigm, new system
Level 5: Discovery, essentially new system,
TRIZ  is a theory that aims to study the objective Laws of system evolution  and propose new technologies to improve problem solving process.
This is just the basic of TRIZ, you can find more information on the Internet.
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